论文部分内容阅读
目的建立超声辅助提取-电感耦合等离子体质谱(UAE-ICP-MS)法测定空气细颗粒物(PM2.5)中Li、Be、Al、V、Cr、Mn、Fe、Co、Ni、Cu、Zn、As、Se、Sr、Mo、Ag、Cd、Sn、Sb、Ba、Hg、Tl、Pb、Bi、Th和U共26种元素的方法。方法采用石英滤膜对PM2.5采样,用5%HNO_3超声辅助提取,ICP-MS测定,内标校正基体效应。结果 26种元素的检出限为0.000 6 ng/m3~0.420 ng/m~3,加标回收率为70.7%~106.9%。滤膜标准物质测定结果符合证书值要求。将2015年广州市PM2.5中金属元素监测结果与GB 3095—2012《环境空气质量标准》进行对比,As年平均浓度超过国家标准限值,存在一定风险;Cd、Pb和Hg年平均含量均低于国家标准限值。参考美国EPA提供的呼吸吸入致癌风险因子进行风险评估,广州市PM2.5中Be无风险,As和Cd致癌风险处于可接受范围,对人体相对安全。结论该方法简便、快速、准确,可用于PM2.5中金属元素的日常监测。
OBJECTIVE To establish a method for the determination of Li, Be, Al, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu and Zn in airborne PM2.5 by ultrasonic-assisted extraction coupled with inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (UAE- , As, Se, Sr, Mo, Ag, Cd, Sn, Sb, Ba, Hg, Tl, Pb, Bi, Th and U. Methods PM2.5 was sampled by quartz filter and was extracted by 5% HNO3 ultrasound. ICP-MS and internal standard were used to correct matrix effect. Results The detection limits of 26 elements ranged from 0.000 6 ng / m3 to 0.420 ng / m ~ 3, and the recoveries were 70.7% -106.9%. The standard results of the filter membrane meet the certification value requirements. The monitoring results of metal elements in PM2.5 in Guangzhou in 2015 were compared with GB 3095-2012 “Ambient Air Quality Standards”. The average concentration in year A exceeded the national standard limit, which posed certain risks. The average annual contents of Cd, Pb and Hg Lower than the national standard limit. Reference to the United States EPA to provide respiratory risk factors for risk assessment of risk assessment, Guangzhou PM2.5 Be no risk, As and Cd cancer risk in the acceptable range, the relative safety of the human body. Conclusion The method is simple, rapid and accurate and can be used for routine monitoring of metal elements in PM2.5.