随着医学科学的发展,临床医学分支越来越多,大医院里分科亦越来越细,如医院的内科又分为心血管、消化、呼吸、血液等诸多科室。而在乡村工作的医务人员则不同,他们往往是一人承担着几个科的重任,所服务的对象既有成人、老人,又有儿童、妇女,因而在进行体格检查时既有共同点,又有特殊性。这里简单介绍一些儿科体格检查与成年人的不同之处。一般注意事项:患病的小儿往往不能像成年人那样与医生配合,甚至大哭大闹,这样对正确诊断疾病造成一定的影响,因此为病儿查体时必须设法取得合作,减少不良刺激,解除恐惧心理及紧张情绪,手法要轻柔快速。检查过程中不要过于严肃,要不断与小儿嬉逗,分散其注意力,稍大患儿还可边检查边表扬鼓励。检查顺序一般为:外表望诊→头颅、眼、耳、 With the development of medical science, there are more and more branches of clinical medicine. The branches in large hospitals are getting smaller and smaller. For example, the internal medicine of the hospital is divided into many departments such as cardiovascular, digestive, respiratory and blood. Medical staff working in rural areas are different. They often assume the responsibility of several subjects. They serve both adults, the elderly, children and women. Therefore, they have something in common during physical examination. There are particularities. Here are some of the differences between pediatric physical exams and adults. General precautions: sick children often do not like with adults as doctors with, or even crying, so correct diagnosis of the disease have some impact, so the physical examination of sick children must try to obtain cooperation to reduce the adverse stimuli, Relieve the fear and tension, tactics should be gentle and fast. Do not be too serious during the inspection process, to keep teasing with children, distracting their attention, slightly larger children can check while encouraging recognition. The order of inspection is generally as follows: Appearance look → head, eyes, ears,