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普通法是指12世纪前后因诺曼征服形成的强势王权而发展起来的、由英国王室法庭实施于全国的普遍适用的习惯法和判例法。衡平法是指14世纪前后,为弥补普通法自身的缺陷,通过大法官审判实践而产生的一套法律体系,因其强调公平、正义而得名。
The common law refers to the universal customary law and case law, which was developed by the British royal court since the 12th century after the strong royal power formed by Norman Conquest. Equity law refers to a set of legal system that came into being through the judgment of judges before and after the 14th century to make up for the shortcomings of common law itself. It is named because of its emphasis on fairness and justice.