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为了解复合经营对核桃园土壤肥力的影响,在贵州省威宁县核桃主产区选取了3种具有代表性核桃复合经营模式,即核桃-白三叶(J+T)、核桃-大豆(J+S)和核桃-玉米(J+M),以核桃清耕为对照(CK),4年后对4种核桃经营模式0~20 cm,20~40 cm,40~60 cm土层土壤肥力进行分析。结果表明:与核桃清耕模式相比,三种核桃复合经营模式均降低了土壤p H值,提高了土壤有机质、全氮、有效氮、全磷、有效磷、全钾和有效钾等;四种核桃经营模式土壤p H值均随土层深度增加而增大,土壤有机质、全氮、有效氮、全磷、有效磷、全钾和有效钾等均随深度增加而减少;三种复合经营模式土壤p H值大小依次是核桃-大豆模式>核桃-白三叶模式>核桃-玉米模式;三种复合经营模式土壤有机质、全氮、有效氮、全磷、有效磷、全钾和有效钾等含量高低均表现为核桃-玉米模式>核桃-白三叶模式>核桃-大豆模式。说明复合经营可以改善核桃园土壤肥力,且四种模式间的土壤肥力差异主要是由不同施肥量引起的。
In order to understand the impact of complex management on the soil fertility of Walnut Garden, three representative walnut compound management models were selected: walnut-white clover (J + T), walnut-soybean + S) and walnut - corn (J + M), and CK as control. After four years, the soil fertility of 0 ~ 20 cm, 20 ~ 40 cm, 40 ~ Analyze. The results showed that compared with the pure-walnut cultivar model, the three kinds of walnut composite management modes reduced soil p H values and increased soil organic matter, total nitrogen, available nitrogen, total phosphorus, available phosphorus, total potassium and available potassium. The soil p H values of walnut-growing management model all increased with the increase of soil depth, and the contents of soil organic matter, total nitrogen, available nitrogen, total phosphorus, available phosphorus, total potassium and available potassium decreased with the increase of soil depth. Soil p H values in the model soil followed the pattern of walnut - soybean> walnut - white clover pattern> walnut - corn pattern. The three compound management patterns of soil organic matter, total nitrogen, available nitrogen, total phosphorus, available phosphorus, total potassium and available potassium Such as the content of the level of walnut - corn mode> walnut - white clover mode> walnut - soybean mode. It shows that compound management can improve soil fertility of walnut orchard and the difference of soil fertility among the four modes is mainly caused by different fertilizers.