20世纪70年代以来,世界政治经济发生了许多深刻的变化,包括布雷顿森林体系的解体、能源危机、亚洲经济的崛起和欧美工业化国家开始去工业化,以及新自由主义经济体系开始确立。在这种宏观政治经济背景下,欧美许多城市都面临从制造业 Many profound changes have taken place in the political economy in the world since the 1970s, including the breakup of the Bretton Woods system, the energy crisis, the rise of Asia’s economy and the industrialization of the industrialized nations in Europe and the United States, and the beginning of the establishment of a neo-liberal economic system. In this macro-political and economic context, many cities in Europe and the United States face manufacturing