A 50-year-old man with ankylosing spondylitis was treated successfully with infliximab,who was also a HBV carrier for about twenty-five years.After injection with infliximab for four times,he developed jaundice and HBV DNA was detectable in serum.Serum aminotransferase and total bilirubin levels were higher than normal.Then he was hospitalized and treated with entacavir and Chinese herb medicine.But his liver damage aggravated and was diagnosed as acute on chronic liver failure.Finally,liver transplantation was carried out and he was cured successfully. A 50-year-old man with ankylosing spondylitis was treated successfully with infliximab, who was also a HBV carrier for about twenty-five years. After injection with infliximab for four times, he developed jaundice and HBV DNA was detectable in serum. Serum aminotransferase and total bilirubin levels were higher than normal. Shen he was hospitalized and treated with entacavir and Chinese herb medicine. But his liver damage aggravated and was diagnosed as acute on chronic liver failure. F inally, liver transplantation was carried out and he was cured successfully.