“国际贸易只是国家经济的一部分,这就像钟摆是钟的一部分一样,但它却控制了这架机器的全部运转。”20世纪初的美国商务部长W．C．Redfield曾这样评价国际贸易的重要性。改革开放26年来,中国一跃成为全球第三大贸易国,进出口增速已连续4年保持在20％以上,成为世界第三大出口国。出口导向型的贸易增长方式拉动了中国整个经济的增长。然而在这些数字的背后,是中国收获了一张张漂亮的报表,却失去更多的消费剩余和效率,失去了更多的资源和可持续发展的能力。与此同时,与其他经济体的贸易摩擦越来越严重,尤其与美国、欧洲的贸易处于难以持久的失衡状态。中国的对外贸易增长方式,到了一个本质性的转折期。 “International trade is only a part of the economy of the country, just as the pendulum is part of a clock, but it controls the entire operation of the machine.” U.S. Secretary of Commerce W Bush, Early 20th Century C. Redfield once commented on the importance of international trade. In the 26 years since the reform and opening up, China has become the third largest trading nation in the world. The growth rate of import and export has been maintained at above 20% for four consecutive years and has become the third largest exporter in the world. Export-led trade growth has driven the growth of China’s economy as a whole. Behind these figures, however, is that China has harvested a beautiful statement but has lost more consumption surplus and efficiency, losing more resources and sustainable development. At the same time, the trade friction with other economies is getting more and more serious. In particular, the trade with the United States and Europe is in an unsustainable state of imbalance. China’s foreign trade growth mode has reached an essential turning point.