目的:探讨近年来泸州地区唐氏综合征患儿出生率升高的主要影响因素。方法:做外周血淋巴细胞培养,制备染色体G显带标本,显微镜下核型分析。对唐氏综合征患儿母亲年龄、孕期情况、周围环境等因素进行调查并对比分析。结果:唐氏综合征患儿检出率呈逐年递增趋势,2001年以来,患儿母亲超过35岁生育的例数明显增多。一些患儿母亲有化学、物理等有害环境因素接触史。结论:近年来唐氏综合征患儿出生率的升高与母亲生育年龄和环境因素有关。应改善生存环境,加强孕前、孕中保护。普及优生优育知识,宣传适龄生育,并广泛开展唐氏综合征的遗传筛查。 Objective: To investigate the main influencing factors of the birth rate of children with Down’s syndrome in Luzhou area in recent years. Methods: Peripheral blood lymphocyte culture was performed to prepare chromosome G banding samples and karyotype analysis under microscope. The factors such as the mother’s age, pregnancy status, surrounding environment and other factors in Down Syndrome were investigated and compared. Results: The detection rate of children with Down’s syndrome is increasing year by year. Since 2001, the number of mothers with children over 35 years old has obviously increased. Some children with mothers have chemical, physical and other harmful environmental factors exposure history. Conclusion: The rising birth rate of children with Down Syndrome in recent years is related to the mother’s reproductive age and environmental factors. The living environment should be improved and the protection before pregnancy and during pregnancy should be strengthened. Popularize the knowledge of prenatal and postnatal care, publicize the childbearing age, and carry out the genetic screening of Down Syndrome.