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目的探讨慢性阻塞性肺疾病急性加重(AECOPD)患者有效排痰方案的建立及效果评价。方法选取2015年1月—2016年12月即墨市第二人民医院收治的128例AECOPD患者,随机分为对照组和观察组,各64例。对照组实施常规排痰护理,观察组根据有效排痰方案排痰。出院前2 d,比较两组患者的慢性阻塞性肺疾病评估测试(CAT)评分、肺功能指标、有效排痰情况。结果护理干预前,两组患者的CAT评分比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);经护理干预后,两组患者的CAT评分均显著低于治疗前,且观察组下降得更明显,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。护理干预前,两组患者的最大自主分钟通气量(MVV)、第一秒用力呼气量(FEV1)、用力肺活量(FVC)比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);经护理干预后,对照组及观察组患者的MVV、FEV1、FVC均明显改善,且观察组改善得更明显,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组的有效排痰率为98.44%,显著高于对照组的84.37%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论在AECOPD患者中实施有效排痰方案,可有效改善患者的肺功能,提高患者的排痰能力。
Objective To explore the establishment and evaluation of effective sputum excretion in patients with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD). Methods A total of 128 AECOPD patients admitted from the Second People’s Hospital of Jimo from January 2015 to December 2016 were randomly divided into control group and observation group, with 64 cases in each group. Control group conventional sputum care, the observation group sputum sputum according to the effective expectoration. Two days before discharge, the chronic obstructive pulmonary disease evaluation test (CAT) score, lung function index and effective expectoration were compared between the two groups. Results Before the intervention, there was no significant difference in CAT score between the two groups (P> 0.05). After the nursing intervention, the CAT scores of the two groups were significantly lower than before treatment, and the observation group decreased more obviously. The difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). Before nursing intervention, there was no significant difference between the two groups in MVV, FEV1 and FVC (P> 0.05). After nursing intervention After treatment, the MVV, FEV1 and FVC of the control group and observation group were significantly improved, and the observation group improved more obviously, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). The effective sputum rate of the observation group was 98.44%, which was significantly higher than that of the control group (84.37%), the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). Conclusions In the AECOPD patients to implement effective sputum removal program can effectively improve the patient’s lung function and improve sputum capacity of patients.