【目的】探讨一氧化氮（ Ｎ Ｏ） 和肿瘤坏死 因子－ α（ Ｔ Ｎ Ｆα） 在子宫内膜异位症（ 内异症） 发病中的作用。【方法】分离内异症患者外周血单个核细胞，体外经脂多糖、植 物血 凝素 诱生， 培养，４８ ｈ 收集 上清 液， 用 Ｅ Ｌ Ｉ Ｓ Ａ 法测定 Ｔ Ｎ Ｆα的含量，用 Ｇｒｉｅｓｓ 法测定反映一氧化氮（ Ｎ Ｏ） 水 平的亚硝 酸盐及 硝酸盐 含量的 比值（ Ｎ Ｏ２ － ／ Ｎ Ｏ３ － ） 。【结果】内异症患者外周血单个核细胞诱生 Ｔ Ｎ Ｆα的含量轻度组为（３ ．４ ７ ±０ ．３７ ） ｎｇ／ ｍｌ ，重度组（３ ．８３ ±０ ．８７ ） ｎｇ／ ｍｌ ， 明 显高 于正 常对照 组（２ ．７７ ±０ ．８７） ｎ ｇ／ ｍ ｌ（ Ｐ ＜ ０ ．０５ ） ，轻度组和重度组之间差异不显著。内异症 组诱生 的 Ｎ Ｏ２ － ／ Ｎ Ｏ３ － 含量轻度组（６ ４ ．９５ ±１６ ．７５ ） ｎ ｍ ｏｌ／ ｍｌ ， 重 度 组（ ６６ ．８３ ±２２ ．１７） ｎ ｍ ｏｌ／ ｍｌ ， 均 明显 高于 正 常对 照 组（ ４４ ．３０ ±１４ ．３８） ｎ ｍ ｏｌ／ ｍｌ（ Ｐ ＜ ０ ．０５ ） ， 轻度组、重度组间无显著性差异。内异症组诱生的 Ｔ Ｎ Ｆα与 Ｎ Ｏ 含量呈正相关， 轻 度 组ｒ ＝ ０ ．８ 【Objective】 To investigate the role of nitric oxide (NO) and tumor necrosis factor-α (T N Fα) in the pathogenesis of endometriosis (endometriosis). 【Methods】 Peripheral blood mononuclear cells from patients with endometriosis were isolated and induced by lipopolysaccharide and phytohemagglutinin in vitro. The supernatants were harvested at 48 h and the content of T N Fα was determined by E L I S A method , The ratio of nitrite and nitrate (N O2 - / N O3 -), which reflects the level of nitric oxide (N O), was determined by Griess method. 【Results】 The levels of T N Fα induced by peripheral blood mononuclear cells in patients with endometriosis were (3.47 ± 0.37) ng / ml mild severe group (3.83 ± 0.87) ng / ml, which was significantly higher than that of the normal control group (2.77 ± 0.87) ng / ml (P <0.05). There was no significant difference between the mild and severe groups. In the endometriosis group, the concentration of N O2 - / N O3 - induced mild (64.95 ± 16.75) n ol / ml, severe group (66.83 ± 22.17) n mol / ml , Were significantly higher than the normal control group (44 .30 ± 14 .38) n ol / ml (P <0 .05), mild group, severe group no significant difference. Endometriosis induced T N F  α and N O content was positively correlated, mild group r = 0. 8