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目的利用深度测序方法分析早产儿坏死性小肠结肠炎(NEC)肠道菌群多样性变化。方法采集NEC组和匹配对照组各16例早产儿的粪便标本,采用高通量测序技术分析肠道菌群16S rDNA PCR产物,分析早产儿NEC的肠道菌群多样性及其变化。结果 NEC组的Chao指数值为(57.25±60.5),对照组为(58.19±92.1),两组比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。两组样本Shannon指数值比较发现,NEC组的Shannon指数值为(0.87±0.65),对照组为(1.31±0.56),NEC组明显低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组肠道菌群门主要为厚壁菌门和变形菌门两大类。NEC组的Firmicutes占比为(0.40±0.41),对照组为(0.42±0.33),两组比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。NEC组的Proteobacteria占比为(0.52±0.43),对照组为(0.54±0.35),两组比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论肠道细菌多样性下降可能与NEC的发生密切相关。
Objective To analyze the changes of intestinal microflora in neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) by using deep sequencing. Methods Stool specimens of 16 preterm infants from NEC group and matched control group were collected. The 16S rDNA PCR products of intestinal flora were analyzed by high-throughput sequencing to analyze the diversity of intestinal flora and its changes in preterm infants. Results The Chao index of NEC group was (57.25 ± 60.5) and that of control group (58.19 ± 92.1). There was no significant difference between the two groups (P> 0.05). The Shannon index values of two groups of samples showed that the Shannon index value of NEC group was (0.87 ± 0.65) and that of control group (1.31 ± 0.56), and the NEC group was significantly lower than that of control group (P <0.05). Two groups of gut microbiota mainly Fusarium bacteria and Proteobacteria two categories. The percentage of Firmicutes in NEC group was (0.40 ± 0.41) and in control group (0.42 ± 0.33), respectively. There was no significant difference between the two groups (P> 0.05). Proteobacteria accounted for (0.52 ± 0.43) in the NEC group and (0.54 ± 0.35) in the control group, with no significant difference between the two groups (P> 0.05). Conclusion The decrease of intestinal bacterial diversity may be closely related with the occurrence of NEC.