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目的 研究高性能战斗机飞行员进行模拟空战机动 (SACM )训练时心血管功能变化情况 ,从而提出保护措施。 方法 高性能战斗机飞行员 10名 ,在载人离心机上进行SACM训练。训练中 ,飞行员穿用抗荷服 ,做L 1抗荷动作及进行抗荷正压呼吸 (PBG) ;监视并记录心电图、耳脉搏和呼吸。 结果 10名飞行员在SACM时均发生不同程度的心律失常。心律失常以室性期前收缩为主 ,多发生于吸气末 ,4G以上的高G暴露中开始有心律失常发生 ,9G时发生率最高。心率增快程度和 +Gz 值呈正相关。在抗荷动作的吸气相 ,耳脉搏的幅值突然降低。 结论 SACM训练中 ,室性期前收缩多发 ,这可能为一种潜在性的危险。应训练飞行员正确掌握抗荷动作和PBG的实施要领 ,调控有氧体育锻炼强度 ,定期进行SACM训练 ,并实行心电图监控 ,以减少空战机动中心律失常发生率
Objective To study the changes of cardiovascular function in high-performance fighter pilots during Simulated Air-Stroke Maneuver (SACM) training and propose protective measures. Methods Ten high-performance fighter pilots were SACM trained on a manned centrifuge. During the training, pilots wear anti-Dutch suits and do L 1 anti-charge action and anti-stress positive pressure breathing (PBG); monitor and record electrocardiogram, ear pulse and respiration. Results 10 pilots experienced different degrees of arrhythmias during SACM. Arrhythmia to premature ventricular contraction, occurred in the end of inhalation, 4G high G exposure began to arrhythmia occurred, the highest incidence of 9G. Heart rate increased with + Gz value was positively correlated. In the anti-Dutch act of action, the amplitude of the ear pulse suddenly decreases. Conclusion SACM training, premature ventricular contraction, which may be a potential danger. Pilots should be trained to correctly grasp the implementation of anti-load action and PBG essentials, regulation of aerobic exercise intensity, regular SACM training, and the implementation of ECG monitoring to reduce the incidence of arrhythmia in the air combat maneuver center