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目的了解泰安市岱岳区粉尘作业员工职业健康状况,为保护劳动者健康提供科学依据。方法依据《中华人民共和国职业病防治法》、GBZ188-2007《职业健康监护技术规范》、GBZ70-2009《尘肺病诊断标准》对来自矿山开采、凿岩、爆破、运输等的粉尘作业员工进行职业健康检查,采用描述流行病学方法将查体结果进行统计分析。结果 2014年共体检在岗粉尘作业员工2 046名,其中一项或多项异常1 198人(58.55%)。检出可疑尘肺2例(0.10%);职业禁忌证46人(2.25%);血压异常(均为高血压)255人(12.46%);血常规异常229人(11.19%);尿常规异常294人(14.37%);心电图异常550人(26.88%);X线胸片异常392人(19.16%);肺功能异常152人(7.43%)。不同性别员工在血压、血常规、尿常规、X线胸片、肺功能检查项目上异常率差异有统计学意义(P<0.0 5);随着年龄的增大,项目异常率升高(P<0.01);随着接尘工龄的增加,项目异常率升高(P<0.01)。结论岱岳区粉尘作业员工职业健康状况较差,应加大《职业病防治法》宣传、贯彻和实施力度,保护劳动者健康及其相关权益。
Objective To understand occupational health status of dust workers in Daiyue District, Tai’an City, and to provide a scientific basis for the protection of workers’ health. Methods According to the “Law of the People’s Republic of China on Prevention and Treatment of Occupational Diseases”, GBZ188-2007 “Occupational Health Monitoring Technical Code”, GBZ70-2009 “pneumoconiosis diagnostic criteria” for mine dust from mining operations, rock drilling, blasting, transportation, occupational health Check, describe the results of epidemiological methods for statistical analysis. Results In 2014, a total of 2 046 employees were physically inspected on duty, of which 1 198 (58.55%) were anomalous one or more employees. There were 2 (0.10%) suspicious cases of pneumoconiosis, 46 (2.25%) were contraindications to occupational diseases, 255 (12.46%) with abnormal blood pressure (both were hypertension), 229 (11.19%) with abnormal blood tests, (14.37%); 550 (26.88%) had abnormal electrocardiogram; 392 (19.16%) had abnormal X-ray and 152 (7.43%) had abnormal pulmonary function. The abnormal rates of blood pressure, blood routine, urine routine, X-ray and pulmonary function test in different sex workers were significantly different (P <0.0 5). The abnormal rate of P <0.01). With the increase of the service life of dust, the abnormal rate of the project increased (P <0.01). Conclusion Daiyue dust job occupational health status is poor, should increase the “Occupational Disease Prevention Law” to promote, implement and implement efforts to protect the health of workers and their related rights and interests.