第三届国际近视会议于1980年8月在哥本哈根召开,再次提出了低度近视的病因问题。作者简要复习了最近文献,着重说明遗传和环境因素在低度近视病因学上的相互影响。高度近视有遗传与外因二种起因,不能认为是低度近视的极度进展,具有特有的病程与预后,应列为单独病种。高度近视有几种类型,其中某些类型与低度近视之间的界限是很难区分的。低度近视的流行病学:业已证实近视最多发生发展于学龄时期,高等学校与大学生近视发生率更高,而在文化水平低的人群中很少有近视。 Yamaji等(1972)调查了Botel Tobago岛,近视发生率低于3%;同一时期,在生活方式逐代改变,学校教育变得普遍的某些北极地区,近视 The Third International Conference on Myopia was held in Copenhagen in August 1980, once again raised the etiology of low myopia. The authors briefly reviewed recent literature, highlighting the genetic and environmental factors in the etiology of low myopia interaction. High myopia with genetic and external causes of two causes, can not be considered extremely low myopia progress, has a unique duration and prognosis, should be classified as an individual disease. There are several types of high myopia, some of them with low myopia is very difficult to distinguish between the boundaries. Epidemiology of low myopia: It has been confirmed that myopia develops most frequently in school age, with a higher prevalence of myopia among higher education institutions and undergraduates, while very few people with low education attain myopia. Yamaji et al. (1972) investigated the incidence of myopia in Botel Tobago Island at less than 3%. In the same period, in some Arctic regions where lifestyle changes gradually and schooling became common, myopia