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世纪初数量遗传学作为一门独立的学科而产生，以研究实验群体或自然群体的数量性状的遗传变异，它主要研究两个基本问题：（１）总的表型变异中有多少比例属于遗传的影响？（２）有多少遗传因子参与这种遗传变异？如遗传力的概念可以反映遗传因子对表型变异的贡献，它可用亲属间的相关性加以估计。这些参数量已在微生物、动植物中有大量的研究，遗传参数估算对于制定适当的育种计划和理解生物性状的表型进化有重要的作用。对于控制数量性状的位点数（ＱＴＬｓ），历史上进行过大量的研究，如Ｗｒｉｇｈｔ（１９２１）和Ｓａｘ（１９２３）提出的估计方法等，但因种种原因没有得到很好地发展，随着分子生物学的发展，基于ＰＣＲ的技术几乎能提供无限数目的ＤＮＡ多态性标记，这些标记可用于构建遗传图谱，并进一步研究和确定生物、医学和农业上重要数量性状的位点。在过去的１０年内，已研制出许多统计方法用于ＱＴＬｓ定位分析，虽然这些方法适用于已很好设计的多谱交配材料，如起始于２个近交系亲本杂交后的Ｆ２和回交等群体，但这些方法也可用于主要为异交的森林树木的ＱＴＬｓ定位分析，最简单的方法就是寻找单个标记与数量性状的关系，若不同标记组之间的数量性状差异显著，那么这种标记有可能与该?
At the beginning of the century, quantitative genetics emerged as an independent discipline to study the genetic variation of quantitative traits in experimental or natural populations. It mainly studied two basic questions: (1) how many of the total phenotypic variations were inherited Impact? (2) How many genetic factors are involved in this genetic variation? The concept of heritability, for example, can reflect the contribution of genetic factors to phenotypic variation and can be estimated using the correlation between relatives. The amount of these parameters has been extensively studied in microorganisms, animals and plants. Estimation of genetic parameters plays an important role in developing appropriate breeding programs and understanding the phenotypic evolution of biological traits. For the control of quantitative trait loci (QTLs), a large number of studies have been carried out in history, such as the estimation methods proposed by Wright (1921) and Sax (1923), but they have not been well developed for various reasons. As molecular biology Based on the development of science, PCR-based techniques provide an almost unlimited number of DNA polymorphic markers that can be used to construct genetic maps and to further study and identify sites of biological, medical and agriculturally important quantitative traits. In the past 10 years, many statistical methods have been developed for QTL mapping, although these methods are well suited for well-designed multispectral mating materials such as F2 and backcross dating from 2 inbred parents However, these methods can also be applied to the QTLs mapping analysis of mainly outcrossing forest trees. The simplest way is to find the relationship between single markers and quantitative traits. If the quantitative trait differences among different marker groups are significant, Marking is possible with this?