利用纳秒激光器对7075铝合金进行激光冲击钻孔实验研究,采用控制变量法,分别研究了不同激光脉冲数、激光峰值功率以及不同离焦量条件下对进出孔直径以及孔锥度的影响规律。结果表明,在一定参数范围内,不同激光脉冲数对进出孔直径具有一定影响,激光峰值功率在一定程度上增加会减小孔的锥度,但当峰值功率增加至45.22kW时,大量的熔融物和飞溅物对孔的形貌影响很大;当激光焦点位于工件表面时,可获得最小入口直径86μm,最小锥度为0.38°。研究结果为铝合金激光微孔加工工艺优化和参数选取提供参考。 The experimental study of laser shock drilling of 7075 aluminum alloy by using nanosecond laser was carried out. The influence of different laser pulse number, laser peak power and different defocusing conditions on the diameter of entrance hole and the hole taper were studied by the control variable method. The results show that the number of laser pulses has a certain influence on the diameter of entrance and exit holes within a certain range of parameters. The increase of laser peak power will reduce the taper of the holes to some extent. However, when the peak power is increased to 45.22kW, a large amount of melt And splashes have a great influence on the morphology of the hole. When the laser focus is on the surface of the workpiece, the minimum entrance diameter of 86 μm and the minimum taper of 0.38 ° can be obtained. The results provide a reference for aluminum alloy laser micropore processing optimization and parameter selection.