采用红外光谱、X-射线、扫描电镜和凝胶渗透色谱等方法研究了氰乙基醋酸纤维素及膜的结构与性能。试验结果表明,氰乙基醋酸纤维素具有分子量分布均勻、溶解性能好的一种无定形纤维素衍生物。氰乙基醋酸纤维素制备的膜水通量和脱盐率不仅比醋酸纤维素膜有所增加,并且有优异的耐微生物性能。研究了微生物侵蚀与乙酰基损失和膜的结构变化,并讨论了总取代度与乙酰基和氰乙基取代度对膜性能的影响。 The structure and properties of cyanoethyl cellulose acetate and membranes were investigated by IR, X-ray, SEM and gel permeation chromatography. The experimental results show that cyanoethyl cellulose acetate has a uniform molecular weight distribution, good solubility of an amorphous cellulose derivatives. The membrane water flux and the desalination rate of the cyanoethyl cellulose acetate are not only increased compared with the cellulose acetate membrane, but also have excellent microbiological properties. The effects of microbial erosions, loss of acetyl groups and membrane structure were studied. The effects of total degree of substitution, degree of substitution of acetyl group and cyanoethyl group on membrane performance were discussed.