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为给遭受酸化危害的重庆马尾松(Pinus massoniana)纯林的恢复与管理提供科学依据,在属于酸雨区的重庆市江北区铁山坪林场,调查了马尾松香樟(Cinnamomum camphora)混交林的土壤化学性质和林木生长状况,并与毗邻的马尾松纯林和香樟纯林进行了比较。结果表明,与马尾松纯林相比,混交林腐殖质层和土壤酸度降低,交换性盐基离子Ca2+和Mg2+含量增加,酸性阳离子Al3+和H+含量明显减少(p<0.05)。混交林马尾松树冠下腐殖质层和0–60cm土层马尾松细根的干重、长度、表面积、体积和根尖数的总密度都显著低于马尾松纯林(p<0.05),比值分别为0.44、0.71、0.59、0.46和0.71,马尾松树高显著低于马尾松纯林(p<0.05),其针叶变色率为15%,显著高于马尾松纯林(p<0.05),香樟的生长特征与香樟纯林相似。结果说明,尽管混交林的土壤化学性质优于马尾松纯林,但林中马尾松的生长状况表现出了明显的恶化迹象,而香樟依然比较健康,这可能与香樟具有明显的竞争优势有关。因此,在利用香樟营造与马尾松的混交林来改善遭受酸化危害的马尾松纯林的生长状况时,应注意调控香樟的竞争优势。
In order to provide a scientific basis for the restoration and management of pure Pinus massoniana forest suffering from acidification in the Tianshanping Forest Farm, Jiangbei District, Chongqing, which is an acid rain area, the soil of the mixed forest of Cinnamomum camphora Chemical properties and tree growth status, and compared with the adjacent pure Pinus massoniana forest and camphor. The results showed that compared with the pure Pinus massoniana plantation, the acidity of humus and soil decreased, the content of exchangeable base ions Ca2 + and Mg2 + increased, and the content of acidic cation Al3 + and H + decreased significantly (p <0.05). The total dry weight, length, surface area, volume and root tip density of Pinus massoniana Pinus massoniana in mixed humus layer and 0-60cm soil layer in mixed forest were significantly lower than those in pure Pinus massoniana forest (p <0.05) Were 0.44, 0.71, 0.59, 0.46 and 0.71, respectively. The height of Pinus massoniana was significantly lower than that of P. massoniana (p <0.05) The growth characteristics of camphor and camphor pure forest similar. The results showed that although the soil chemistry of mixed forest was superior to pure P. massoniana forest, the growth of Pinus massoniana forest showed obvious signs of deterioration, while the camphor still healthy, which may have obvious competitive advantage with camphor related. Therefore, the use of camphora and Pinus massoniana mixed forest to improve the acidification of the Pinus massoniana pure forest growth, we should pay attention to the regulation of the competitive advantage of camphor.