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天然气在开采过程中,随着地层能量的衰减,地层水不能随气流产出,造成气井减产甚至变为死井。生产中通过向气井井底注入起泡剂,与井底积水混合,在气流搅动下生成大量低密度含水泡沫,表面张力下降使水相分散而变为携液能力强的环雾流,从而把地层水举升到地面。基于对天然气开采过程中泡沫排水的认识,在泡沫排水模拟装置上以泡排剂浓度、氮气流量为参数,采用单因素研究方法,逐一确定动力学方程参数,最终得到起泡动力学方程:当T=65℃、u<50m L/min时,dV/dt=85.6wu~(1.61);当T=65℃、u>50m L/min时,dV/dt=2.7wu~(2.23)。温度对起泡反应影响较大,起泡速率常数随温度的升高先减小后增大,起泡速率常数与温度的关系不遵循Arrhenius公式。本研究为泡排剂起泡和消泡提供了必要的理论指导,使泡排剂筛选更加有效。
During the mining process of natural gas, as the energy of the formation decays, the formation water can not be output with the gas flow, resulting in the reduction or even the death of gas wells. In production, by injecting a foaming agent into the bottom of a gas well and mixing with the bottom water, a large amount of low-density water-containing foam is generated under gas flow agitation. The surface tension decreases to disperse the water phase to become a circular mist flow with strong liquid carrying capacity. Raise the formation water to the ground. Based on the knowledge of foam drainage in the process of natural gas exploitation, the dynamic parameters of bubbles were determined by the single-factor method based on the concentration of bubbler and the flow rate of nitrogen on the foam drainage simulation device. Finally, the bubble dynamics equation was obtained: DV / dt = 85.6wu ~ (1.61) at T = 65 ℃ and u <50m L / min, and 2.7wu ~ (2.23) at u = 50m L / min at T = 65 ℃. The temperature has a great influence on the foaming reaction. The foaming rate constant first decreases and then increases with the increase of temperature. The relationship between the foaming rate constant and temperature does not follow the Arrhenius formula. This study provides the necessary theoretical guidance for bubble-blowing and defoaming of bubble-blowing agents, making bubble-blowing agent screening more effective.