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文章利用2016年厦门、苏州、东莞三城市农民工市民化调查数据,分析就业质量、社会公平感对农民工市民化意愿的影响。市民化意愿被分解为城市定居意愿和城市落户意愿,数据分析结果显示,具有市民化意愿的农民工不足一半,就业质量和社会公平感是农民工市民化意愿的重要影响因素。具体而言,务工单位成立工会、每周工作时间、工作满意度和社会公平感对两类市民化意愿都有正向影响,拖欠工资经历则不利于两类市民化意愿的产生;城市入户意愿的形成对就业质量的要求更为严格,受教育程度、工作满意度等对城市定居意愿有显著积极影响的变量,对入户意愿不再具有促进作用。据此文章提出,在开放户籍制度之外,还应该从提升就业质量和社会公平度方面推进农民工市民化进程。
Based on the survey data of migrant workers’ urbanization in Xiamen, Suzhou and Dongguan in 2016, the article analyzes the influence of employment quality and social fairness on the urbanization willingness of migrant workers. The willingness of citizenship is decomposed into the intention of urban settlement and the willingness of urban residents to settle down. The data analysis shows that less than half of migrant workers have the willingness of citizenship. The quality of employment and the sense of social fairness are the important influential factors of the citizenization of migrant workers. Specifically, the establishment of trade unions by the work units, working hours per week, job satisfaction and social fairness have a positive impact on the willingness of both types of citizens, and the wage default experience is not conducive to the production of two types of urban residents; urban households Willingness to form a more stringent requirements on the quality of employment, education, job satisfaction and other variables that have a significant positive impact on urban settlement will no longer play a catalytic role in household willingness. According to this article, we should promote the process of citizenship of peasant workers in terms of improving the quality of employment and social fairness in addition to opening up the household registration system.