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硒(Se)、硅(Si)在减少植物对Cd的吸收方面有着积极作用。以籽粒低镉积累杂交籼稻宜香2115和籽粒高镉积累杂交籼稻川谷优2348为材料进行大田试验,研究Se、Si及其配施对杂交籼稻Cd及矿质营养元素含量的影响。结果表明:Se、Si对水稻茎、叶、穗和糙米中Cd、Ca、Cu、Mn、Zn、Se和Si含量有显著影响。川谷优2348中Cd、Ca、Cu、Mn和Zn含量均显著高于宜香2115,Se和Si含量则低于后者。Se、Si降低宜香2115茎秆Cd、Cu、Mn含量、穗部Cu含量及川谷优2348叶片Cd含量,增加了两个品种叶片及川谷优2348茎秆中Ca含量。Si+6μmol/L Se处理显著降低宜香2115茎秆中Zn、叶片中Cd、川谷优2348茎秆Mn以及穗部Ca含量,促进宜香2115叶片Cu、Zn含量的升高;Si+12μmol/L Se处理抑制川谷优2348茎秆Cd、Zn和宜香2115穗部Zn的积累,促进川谷优2348茎秆中Cu和穗部Mn、Zn的积累。所有Se、Si处理均降低宜香2115穗部Cd含量,但高浓度Se处理下川谷优2348穗部Cd含量下降幅度变小甚至略升。宜香2115在单施6μmol/L Se下糙米Cd含量最低,川谷优2348则在Si+6μmol/L Se和12μmol/L Se下糙米Cd含量最低。
Selenium (Se) and silicon (Si) have a positive effect on reducing Cd uptake by plants. A field experiment was conducted with low cadmium accumulation indica hybrid indica rice Yixiang 2115 and high cadmium accumulation indica hybrid rice Chuan Guyou 2348 to study the effects of Se, Si and their combination on the Cd and mineral nutrient contents of indica hybrid rice. The results showed that Se and Si had significant effects on the contents of Cd, Ca, Cu, Mn, Zn, Se and Si in stem, leaf, ear and brown rice. The contents of Cd, Ca, Cu, Mn and Zn in Chuangyouyou 2348 were significantly higher than that of Yixiang 2115, while the content of Se and Si was lower than that of Yixiang 2115. Se and Si decreased the content of Cd, Cu and Mn in stems of Yixiang 2115, Cu content in ear and Cd content in leaves of Chuan Gu You 2348, and increased the content of Ca in leaves of two varieties and Chuan Gu You 2348. The treatment of Si + 6μmol / L Se significantly reduced the contents of Zn, Cd in leaves, Mn in stems and leaves of Yijiang 2115 and Ca content in panicle, and promoted the contents of Cu and Zn in Yixiang 2115 leaves. Si + 12μmol / L Se treatment inhibited the accumulation of Cd and Zn in stems of Chuan You You 2348 and Zn in the ears of Yixiang 2115, and promoted the accumulation of Cu and Mn and Zn in the ears of Chuan Gu You 2348. All Se and Si treatment decreased Cd content of spikes of Yixiang 2115, but the decrease of Cd content of the panicle of Huanghuyou 2348 under the treatment of high concentration Se decreased or even slightly. The content of Cd in brown rice under Yixiang 2115 was the lowest under single application of 6μmol / L Se, while the content of Cd in brown rice under the condition of Si + 6μmol / L Se and 12μmol / L Se was the lowest.