目的探讨面神经管解剖变异的曲面重建(CPR)与解剖对照及其可靠性。方法20具(40侧颞骨)成人尸头标本行高分辨CT扫描及面神经管轴位、冠状位和矢状位曲面重建,观察重建图像上面神经管各段的走行及有无变异并测量缺裂的范围、膨大处的直径和长度;对40侧颞骨标本的面神经管进行解剖,观察面神经管有无变异,并测量缺裂的范围、膨大处的直径和长度。结果①面神经管解剖变异34侧,发生率为85.0%,其中8侧并发2种变异,共计42处变异,其中走行异常23侧;缺裂14侧;分支变异2侧;局部膨大3侧。②3个位置的CPR图像均可准确显示并测量水平段、垂直段骨质缺裂和局部膨大;轴位与冠状位CPR重建图像能准确显示和测量膝状神经节处的骨质缺损。③能直观、准确显示有成角的走行变异,部分显示分支变异。结论面神经管高分辨力CT图像的CPR能准确反映解剖变异与畸形,是研究面神经管影像解剖的良好及可靠方法,可部分代替解剖观察。 Objective To investigate the anatomical contrast and reliability of the anatomical variation of facial nerve canal (CPR). Methods Twenty adult cadaver heads (40 lateral temporal bones) underwent high-resolution CT scan and facial nerve canal (CNV) axial, coronal and sagittal surface reconstruction. The movement and presence or absence of each segment of neural tube in the reconstructed image were observed and the defects were measured The diameter and length of the facial nerve were enlarged. The facial nerve canal of 40 lateral temporal bone specimens was dissected to observe the presence or absence of facial nerve canal variability. The extent of the defect, the diameter and the length of the enlargement were measured. Results ①The anatomical variation of facial nerve canal was observed in 34 sides, the incidence rate was 85.0%. There were 2 kinds of variation in 8 sides, with a total of 42 variations, including 23 cases of abnormal walking, 14 cases of defect, 2 sides of branch variation and 3 sides of local enlargement. The CPR images of 3 locations can both accurately display and measure the horizontal segment, the vertical segment of the bone defect and local enlargement; axial and coronal CPR reconstruction images can accurately show and measure the genic defect at the geniculate knee. ③ Intuitive and accurate display of angled walking variation, partial display of branch variation. Conclusion The CPR of facial nerve canal high-resolution CT images can accurately reflect the anatomic variation and deformity. It is a good and reliable method to study the facial nerve canal imaging anatomy, which can partially replace anatomic observation.