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目的:航空涡轮发动机中篦齿-蜂窝封严结构能有效降低转动部件之间的气路间隙,提高发动机效率。在高温高速可磨耗试验机上进行模拟试验,研究篦齿叶尖与金属蜂窝之间的高速碰磨行为,分析篦齿叶片和金属蜂窝的磨耗机理,验证金属蜂窝的可磨耗性能,为蜂窝封严在航空发动机中的应用提供参考。创新点:1.成功研制了模拟封严材料高速碰磨行为的可磨耗试验机,最高叶尖线速度可达520 m/s;2.进行了不同试验条件下的高速碰磨试验,验证了蜂窝材料的可磨耗性能;3.通过高速碰磨试验,掌握篦齿叶片和金属蜂窝的磨耗机理;4.获得了高速碰摩力和冲击加速度数据,对应用具有指导作用。方法:1.研制高速可磨耗试验机;径向进给系统驱动封严试样主动与高速旋转的模拟叶片接触并发生高速碰磨作用;试验机可模拟的最高叶尖线速度为520 m/s,进给速率为5~1000μm/s。2.在可磨耗试验机上进行不同叶尖线速度和进给速率条件下的高速碰磨试验,通过对试验现象以及试验后金属蜂窝和篦齿叶片的磨损形貌进行分析,了解高速碰磨过程中的磨损机理。3.通过三向测力传感器对试验中的高速碰磨力进行测量,分析碰摩力的变化规律。4.通过加速度传感器测量瞬时冲击响应,了解冲击作用的大小。结论:1.高速碰磨时,金属蜂窝会发生切削和挤压变形,进给速率对挤压变形具有重要影响。2.高速碰磨时篦齿与蜂窝的接触区域会产生摩擦火花,导致篦齿叶尖发生烧蚀和氧化,摩擦热的聚集会导致蜂窝材料在被切削时发生涂抹,同时伴随有蜂窝材料向篦齿叶尖的转移。3.随着碰磨时间的延长,摩擦热逐渐增多,且在高叶尖线速度条件下更加明显。4.测试到的碰摩力曲线可以分为四个典型阶段:碰磨前、碰磨中、停留和退出;试验测试到的最大径向和切向碰摩力分别为716 N和871 N,不会对转子部件造成损坏。5.在最大叶尖线速度和最大进给速率参数下测得的冲击加速度最大,约为341g。
Objective: The aero-turbine engine with labyrinth teeth - honeycomb sealing structure can effectively reduce the air gap between the rotating components to improve engine efficiency. The high-speed and high-speed abrasion testing machine was used to simulate the high-speed abrasion behavior between the tip of the pyramid and the metal honeycomb. The wear mechanism of the pyramid teeth and the metal honeycomb was analyzed. The abrasion performance of the metal honeycomb was verified. The application in aeroengine provides reference. Innovative points: 1. Has successfully developed an abradable test machine simulating the high-speed rubbing behavior of sealing materials with a maximum tip speed of up to 520 m / s; 2. A high-speed abrasion test under different test conditions was carried out to verify 3. Abrasion performance of honeycomb materials; 3. Through the high-speed touch test, grasp the wear mechanism of the blades and metal honeycomb; 4. Get the data of high-speed rub impact and acceleration, which can guide the application. The high-speed abradable test machine was developed. The radial infeed system driven the sealed test sample to contact with the high-speed rotating simulated blade and produce high-speed impact test. The maximum tip speed of the test machine can simulate 520 m / s, the feed rate is 5 ~ 1000μm / s. 2. Abrasion test machine at different tip tip linear velocity and feed rate under high-speed impact test, through the test phenomenon and after the test of metal honeycomb and lamellar blade wear morphology analysis to understand the high-speed impact process In the wear mechanism. Through three-way load cell to test the high-speed collision force measurement, analysis of the variation of the impact of the rubbing force. 4. Measure the instantaneous impulse response with an accelerometer to find out the magnitude of the impact. Conclusions: 1. When cutting at high speed, metal honeycomb will occur cutting and extrusion deformation, the feed rate has an important influence on extrusion deformation. (2) friction sparks occur in the contact area between the pyramidal teeth and the honeycomb during high-speed touch, resulting in the ablation and oxidation of the tips of the pyramidal teeth. The accumulation of frictional heat will cause the honeycomb material to smear when being cut, Lever tip transfer. 3. As the impact of grinding time, friction heat gradually increased, and in the high tip speed conditions more pronounced. 4. The test of the rubbing force curve can be divided into four typical stages: touch before grinding, touch grinding, stay and exit; test the maximum radial and tangential impact force were 716 N and 871 N, respectively, No damage to the rotor parts. 5. The maximum impact acceleration measured at the maximum tip line speed and maximum feed rate is about 341 g.