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Kaiser效应是声发射技术实际应用的理论基础。本文以韧性金属材料Q345不同方向拉伸实验为例,探究力的方向对韧性金属Kaiser效应的影响。实验结果表明,韧性金属材料在某一方向加载时,表现出了Kaiser效应;当改变加载方向时,呈现出与第一次加载方向类似的声发射特性,说明声发射现象对其他加载方向上所承受的最大载荷不具有记忆的能力,而仅与该方向承载历史有关,即韧性金属Kaiser效应与力的方向性间具有独立性。同时,利用细观损伤理论对这一现象产生的机理进行了定性的解释。
Kaiser effect is the theoretical basis of practical application of acoustic emission technology. In this paper, Tensile metal material Q345 tensile test in different directions as an example to explore the direction of force on the toughness of the metal Kaiser effect. The experimental results show that the ductile metal exhibits Kaiser effect when loaded in one direction and the acoustic emission characteristics similar to those in the first loading direction when the loading direction is changed. It shows that the effect of acoustic emission on other loading directions The maximum load sustained does not have the ability to memorize, but only with the bearing history of the direction, that is, there is independence between the ductile metal Kaiser effect and the force directionality. At the same time, the mechanism of this phenomenon is explained qualitatively by using the meso-damage theory.