论文部分内容阅读
为寻求陕南烟田适宜的土壤改良技术,采用生物炭与菜籽饼二元配比试验,研究其对土壤矿质养分及烟叶品质与产量的影响。研究结果表明:生物炭与菜籽饼均有利于提高土壤矿质养分含量,且以混合施用效果更显著。生物炭与菜籽饼能有效促进烤烟生长,改善烤烟农艺性状,增加上、中部烟叶面积且随菜籽饼施用量的增加叶面积呈现增大的趋势。上等烟和中上等烟比率随生物炭施用量的增加呈先增加后降低的趋势;而产量与产值则随菜籽饼用量的增加表现出增大的趋势。生物炭和菜籽饼及二者交互对烤烟化学品质提升效果显著,能有效提高烤烟全氮、烟碱、钾及总糖和还原糖含量,降低烤后烟叶淀粉水平。综合分析,在陕西安康市旬阳地区推荐生物炭与菜籽饼配比为生物炭750 kg/hm2+菜籽饼750 kg/hm2。
In order to find a suitable soil improvement technology for tobacco field in southern Shaanxi, the binary ratio experiment of biochar and rapeseed cake was used to study its effects on soil mineral nutrients and tobacco quality and yield. The results show that both biochar and rapeseed cake are helpful to improve the content of mineral nutrients in soil, and the effect of mixed application is more significant. Biochar and rapeseed cake can effectively promote the growth of flue-cured tobacco, improve the agronomic characters of flue-cured tobacco, increase the area of the upper and middle tobacco leaves, and the leaf area tends to increase with the application of rapeseed cake. The ratio of superior and middle superior tobacco increased firstly and then decreased with the increase of biochar application, while the yield and output value showed an increasing tendency with the increase of the amount of rapeseed cake. The interaction between biochar and rapeseed cake and their interaction has significant effect on improving the chemical quality of flue-cured tobacco, which can effectively increase the content of total nitrogen, nicotine, potassium, total sugar and reducing sugar, and the starch content of roasted tobacco. According to the comprehensive analysis, the biochar and rapeseed cake ratio of 750 kg / hm2 + rapeseed cake 750 kg / hm2 was recommended in Xunyang District, Ankang City, Shaanxi Province.