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目的了解我国现行流通的第五套人民币细菌污染情况。方法抽取市面上流通的第五套人民币面值100元、50元、20元、10元、5元及1元纸币各100份,对其正反面进行标本的采样,稀释、接种、培养,计算细菌总数,采用SPSS 18.0进行统计分析,计量资料的比较采用Kruskal Wallis H和Mann-Whitney检验,P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。结果单位面积纸币细菌污染总数的中位数为645cfu/cm~2,四分位数间距为2 700cfu/cm~2,95%的参考值范围为3.0×10~1~5.3×10~4 cfu/cm~2;100元、50元、20元、10元、5元、1元纸币细菌污染总数的中位数分别为330、390、220、680、1 750、3 650cfu/cm~2;四分位数间距分别为778、723、530、2428、6 143、12 005cfu/cm~2;95%参考值范围分别为2.5×10~1~5.6×10~3、2.0×10~1~1.1×10~4、1.0×10~1~4.8×10~3、3.5×10~1~3.5×10~4、6.0×10~1~7.0×10~4、6.1×10~1~1.8×10~5 cfu/cm~2。每张纸币细菌污染总数的中位数为66 675cfu/张,四分位数间距为244 265cfu/张,95%的参考值范围为2.9×10~3~4.4×10~6 cfu/张;100元、50元、20元、10元、5元、1元纸币细菌污染总数的中位数分别为39 125、40 950、22 330、66 640、149 625、294 190cfu/张;四分位数间距分别为92 180、75 863、53 795、237 895、525 184、967 603cfu/张;95%参考值范围分别为3.0×10~3~6.7×10~5、2.1×10~3~1.2×10~6、1.0×10~3~4.9×10~5、3.5×10~3~3.4×10~6、5.1×10~3~6.0×10~6、4.9×10~3~1.5×107cfu/张。经Kruskal Wallis H和Mann-Whitney U检验,不同面值纸币污染的细菌总数差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。单位面积纸币细菌污染数1元>5元>10元>50元及100元和20元,其中100元和50元、100元和20元纸币比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),其余面值纸币间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。整张纸币细菌污染数1元>5元>10元>50元和100元>20元,100元和50元纸币比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),其余面值纸币间比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论第五套人民币细菌污染严重,低面值纸币的细菌污染数较高面值多。人民币的微生物污染是一个不容忽视的公共卫生问题,建议提高相关的安全防范意识。
Objective To understand the fifth RMB circulating bacterial contamination in China. Methods The fifth set of 100 yuan, 50 yuan, 20 yuan, 10 yuan, 5 yuan and 1 yuan banknotes of 100 yuan each circulating on the market were sampled and sampled for positive and negative samples. The samples were diluted, inoculated, cultured and counted for bacteria Total, using SPSS 18.0 for statistical analysis, measurement data were compared using Kruskal Wallis H and Mann-Whitney test, P <0.05 for the difference was statistically significant. Results The median bacterial contamination per unit area of paper currency was 645cfu / cm ~ 2, the interquartile range was 2 700cfu / cm ~ 2, the reference value of 95% was 3.0 × 10 ~ 1 ~ 5.3 × 10 ~ 4 cfu / cm ~ 2. The median total bacterial contamination of 100, 50, 20, 10, 5 and 1 RMB banknotes were 330, 390, 220, The interquartile range was 778, 723, 530, 2428, 6 143, 12 005 cfu / cm 2, respectively. The 95% reference range was 2.5 × 10 ~ 1 ~ 5.6 × 10 ~ 3,2.0 × 10 ~ 1.1 × 10 -4, 1.0 × 10 -1 to 4.8 × 10 -3, 3.5 × 10 -1 to 3.5 × 10 -4, 6.0 × 10 -1 to 7.0 × 10 -4, 6.1 × 10 -1 to 1.8 × 10 ~ 5 cfu / cm ~ 2. The median bacterial contamination per banknote was 66 675 cfu / sheet with a quartile spacing of 244 265 cfu / sheet with a 95% reference range of 2.9 × 10 -3 to 4.4 × 10 -6 cfu / sheet; 100 The median bacterial contamination of RMB 50 Yuan, 20 Yuan, 10 Yuan, 5 Yuan and 1 Yuan respectively was 39 125,40 950,22 330,66 640,149 625,294 190cfu / Zhang, and the quartiles The spacings were 92 180, 75 863, 53 795, 237 895, 525 184, 967 603 cfu / piece respectively. The 95% reference values were 3.0 × 10 ~ 3 ~ 6.7 × 10 ~ 5 and 2.1 × 10 ~ 3 ~ 1.2 × 10 to 6, 1.0 × 10 3 to 4.9 × 10 5, 3.5 × 10 3 to 3.4 × 10 6, 0.1 × 10 3 to 6.0 × 10 6, 4.9 × 10 3 to 1.5 × 10 7 cfu / Zhang By Kruskal Wallis H and Mann-Whitney U test, the total number of bacteria contaminated by different denominations of note was statistically significant (P <0.05). The bacterial contamination per unit area was 1 yuan> 5 yuan> 10 yuan> 50 yuan and 100 yuan and 20 yuan, of which 100 yuan and 50 yuan, 100 yuan and 20 yuan banknotes were no significant difference (P> 0.05), the rest There was significant difference between denominations and notes (P <0.05). Bacterial contamination of the whole banknote number 1 yuan> 5 yuan> 10 yuan> 50 yuan and 100 yuan> 20 yuan, 100 yuan and 50 yuan banknotes no significant difference (P> 0.05) Significance (P <0.05). Conclusion The fifth set of RMB bacteria is seriously polluted, and the denominations of denominated low-value banknotes are higher. RMB microbial contamination is a public health problem can not be ignored, it is recommended to raise the awareness of safety precautions.