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本文对杭州市三所特殊教育学校的110名精神发育迟滞儿童进行了初步调查,了解了导致他们智力发展迟滞的原因.我们把精神发育迟滞的原因分为出生前的、出生时的和出生后的三类.由于出生前的因素而导致精神发育迟滞的,占被调查总人数的51.89％;由于出生时的因素而导致精神发育迟滞的占被凋查总人数的14.15％;由于出生后的因素(?)而导致精神发育迟滞的占被调查总人数的27.36％;另外还有6.6％属原因不明的.除了对每一个儿童的主要致病原因作了归类统计外,还把造成精神发育迟滞的各种致病因素的频次进行了统计. 本文还讨论了判别精神发育迟滞儿童的指标问题、病原学问题以及早期教育的问题. 最后,在预防和矫治方面,提出了建议.对轻度精神发育迟滞的儿童,可采用特殊教育的方法,通过系统教育和适当训练,激发他们的潜能,使他们成为对社会有用的成员.
This article conducted a preliminary survey of 110 mentally retarded children in three special education schools in Hangzhou to find out the reasons that led to their retardation in their mental development.We divided the causes of mental retardation into prenatal, postnatal and postnatal Due to pre-natal factors that lead to mental retardation, accounting for 51.89% of the total number of people surveyed; mental retardation caused by birth factors accounted for 14.15% of the total number of witnesses; due to postnatal (?) Caused mental retardation accounted for 27.36% of the total number of people surveyed; an additional 6.6% for unknown reasons.In addition to the classification of the main causes of illness for each child statistics, but also to create the spirit Developmental delay of various risk factors of the frequency statistics.This article also discusses the identification of mental retardation in children indicators, etiology and early education issues.Finally, in the prevention and correction, made recommendations.Light Children with a degree of mental retardation may use special education methods to stimulate their potential through systematic education and proper training so that they become socially useful member.