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目的探讨良性前列腺增生(BPH)的血供变化及前列腺动脉栓塞术的临床意义。方法对130例BPH 患者进行经直肠超声前列腺检查,测量前列腺大小,以估算出的重量为标准将130例患者分为4组：≤25 g,26~50 g,51~75 g,≥76 g。测量4组患者尿道前列腺动脉的内径(AD)、最大血流速度(Vmax)、脉动指数(PI)、阻力指数(RI)。130例患者中27例行前列腺动脉栓塞术,比较栓塞前后患者上述测量指标的变化。结果尿道前列腺 AD、Vmax、PI、RI等参数比较,4组患者组内、组间差异均有统计学意义(P <0.05),且尿道前列腺 AD、Vmax、PI、RI等指标与前列腺重量呈正相关。行前列腺动脉栓塞后,尿道前列腺 AD、Vmax、PI、RI及前列腺重量等指标均明显变小,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论增生前列腺的血液供应明显增加,尿道前列腺动脉血流速度增快,内径增宽,血管阻力增大。阻断尿道前列腺动脉能使增生前列腺组织的血供明显减少,可使前列腺体积缩小,有助于缓解下尿路梗阻。“,”Objective]To explore the change of blood supply of benign prostatic hyperplasia(BPH)and the significance of arterial embolism of prostate.[Methods]Totally 130 patients with BPH received transrectal ultra-sound of prostate.The size of prostate was measured.According to the estimated weight,all patients were divided into ≤ 25g group,26~50g group,51~75g group and ≥ 76g group.Inner diameter of urethral and prostatic ar-tery,the velocity of maximum flow(Vmax),pulsatility index(PI)and resistance index(RI)in 4 groups were meas-ured.Among 130 patients,27 patients underwent arterial embolism.The changes of the above indexes before and after embolism were compared.[Results]There were significant differences in the inner diameter of urethral and prostatic artery,Vmax,PI and RI among 4 groups(P <0.05).Inner diameter of urethral and prostatic artery, Vmax,PI and RI were positively correlated with the weight of prostate.After arterial embolism,inner diameter of urethral and prostatic artery,Vmax,PI,RI and the weight of prostate were obviously decreased,and there were significant differences(P<0.05).[Conclusion]Blood supply of hyperplasia prostate is obviously increased,and flow velocity of urethral and prostatic artery is faster,and the inner diameter is wider,and vascular resistance is increased.Blocking transurethral prostatic artery can obviously reduce the blood supply of hyperplasia prostate, decrease prostate volume and help to alleviate lower urinary tract obstruction.