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所谓观察,是人们以一定的知识为基础,凭借肉眼或仪器有目的地主动确认某些现象的活动。我们在这里讲的调查研究中的观察,就是指用眼睛来调查,就是紧紧围绕调查选题, 借助于直觉或感觉连续细致地记录被调查对象有关的材料。观察可以是直接的,也可以是间接的。观察大致可分为质的观察和量的观察两个方面。常识告诉我们,观察是人们为了认识事物的本质和规律,有目的有计划地搜集描述有关事物感性材料的方法。调查研究中善于采取观察法,可以增加感性知识,有助于我们正确认识调查对象;可以及时纠正平时传闻中的许多不实之词,进一步获取更加
The so-called observation, is based on a certain knowledge, by virtue of the naked eye or equipment to take the initiative to confirm certain activities of the phenomenon. The observation we make here in this survey refers to the fact that the eye is used to investigate. That is, we closely focus on the topics under investigation and use the intuition or feeling to continuously and carefully record the materials related to the surveyed people. Observe can be direct, it can be indirect. Observation can be roughly divided into qualitative observation and quantitative observation of two aspects. Common sense tells us that observation is a way for people to purposely and systematically collect descriptions of sensible materials about things in order to understand the nature and laws of things. Good at taking the observation method in the investigation and study, can increase the perceptual knowledge, help us to correctly understand the survey object; can promptly correct many of the untrue rumors in the usual rumors, and further access to more