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目的全面分析2015年江阴市本地户籍居民脑卒中、冠心病、糖尿病和恶性肿瘤4类慢性非传染性疾病的发病率及类型分布,为慢性病防治工作提供科学依据。方法应用“无锡市慢性病网络管理信息系统”中2015年江阴市4类慢性病发病的统计汇总数据进行统计分析,分别计算不同性别、年龄别的粗发病率和标化发病率。结果报告的4类慢性病总粗发病率和标化发病率为1 734.39/10万和1 159.79/10万,其中男性为1 871.97/10万和1 251.26/10万,女性为1 581.69/10万和1 072.28/10万,差异有统计学意义(χ~2=170.33和χ~2=86.07,均P<0.01)。粗发病率由高到低依次为脑卒中、恶性肿瘤、糖尿病和冠心病,标化发病率由高到低则为脑卒中、糖尿病、恶性肿瘤和冠心病。粗发病率和标化发病率均随着年龄增加呈上升趋势(均P<0.01)。除糖尿病外,男性发病水平均高于女性,差异有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。脑卒中、心绞痛、非胰岛素依赖性糖尿病(Ⅱ型)、消化系统及呼吸系统恶性肿瘤为主要发病类型。结论 4类慢性病发病与性别、年龄有关,发病率随着年龄增长而逐步上升,除糖尿病外,男性及60岁以上老龄人口为高危人群。应针对江阴市慢性病发病特征制订相应防控措施。
Objective To comprehensively analyze the incidence and type distribution of 4 chronic non-communicable diseases including stroke, coronary heart disease, diabetes and malignant tumor in Jiangyin city in 2015, and provide a scientific basis for prevention and control of chronic diseases. Methods Statistical analysis was conducted on the data of 4 types of chronic diseases in Jiangyin City in 2015. The data of crude incidence and standardized incidence of different gender and age were calculated. Results The total prevalence and standardized incidence of four types of chronic diseases reported were 1 734.39 / 10 000 and 1 159.79 / 100 000, of which 1 871.97 / 10 000 and 1 251.26 / 100 000 were males and 1 581.69 / 100 000 were females And 1 072.28 / 100 000 respectively. The difference was statistically significant (χ ~ 2 = 170.33 and χ ~ 2 = 86.07, both P <0.01). Crude morbidity from high to low were stroke, cancer, diabetes and coronary heart disease. The highest incidence of the disease was stroke, diabetes, cancer and coronary heart disease. The crude incidence and standardized incidence increased with age (all P <0.01). Except for diabetes, the incidence of males was higher than that of females, the difference was statistically significant (all P <0.05). Stroke, angina pectoris, non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (type II), digestive system and respiratory system malignant tumor as the main type of disease. Conclusions The incidence of four kinds of chronic diseases is related to gender and age. The incidence increases gradually with age. Except for diabetes, men and the population over 60 years of age are at high risk. Corresponding prevention and control measures should be formulated for the onset of chronic diseases in Jiangyin City.