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西汉初,民生凋敝,百废待兴。在吸取前朝灭亡的教训之后,为实现社会经济的快速恢复和发展,推行无为而治,修生养息政策。随着大一统国家的发展和中央集权的日益加强,实现思想上的统一成为统治者的迫切要求。儒家学说适时而变,响应时代的号召,集百家所长,迎合当时统治者的需求,取代道家学说成为主流的统治思想,为此后两千多年的封建社会确立了正统主导思想。儒盛道衰是当时社会发展的必然结果,其中的曲折值得我们深思。
Early Western Han Dynasty, people’s livelihood depressed, a hundred pending. Drawing lessons from the pre-extinction, in order to achieve rapid social and economic recovery and development, the policy of doing nothing for the sake of rule of law and the practice of restoring health should be promoted. With the development of the unified state and the growing centralization of state power, achieving the ideological unification has become an urgent demand of the rulers. In response to the call of the times, the Confucian doctrine, in response to the call of the times, brought together hundreds of directors to meet the needs of the then rulers and replaced the Taoist doctrine as the mainstream governing ideology. For this reason, the feudal society of more than 2,000 years established the orthodox dominant ideology. Confucianism and Taoism decline is the inevitable result of social development at that time, and the twists and turns in it deserve our deep consideration.