本文报道老年人260名随访20年以上纵向调查。结果表明,高血压、冠心病、慢性气管炎、慢性胃炎、十二指肠溃疡等疾病,自40岁开始发病逐渐增多,至50～60岁达高峰。颈椎病、糖尿病、肺气肿,白内障、前列腺肥大、脑动脉硬化等疾病,发病稍晚,自45～50岁后逐渐增多,至65岁达高峰。因此对老年病防治应根据其不同的发病规律,分别从40～50岁开始有重点地进行普查,以使及早发现,及早防治。 This article reports 260 elderly people followed up for more than 20 years. The results showed that the incidence of hypertension, coronary heart disease, chronic bronchitis, chronic gastritis, duodenal ulcer and other diseases gradually increased from the age of 40 to 50 to 60 years old. Cervical spondylosis, diabetes, emphysema, cataracts, prostatic hypertrophy, cerebral arteriosclerosis and other diseases, the incidence of later, gradually increased after the age of 45 to 50, reached the peak of 65 years of age. Therefore, the prevention and treatment of geriatric diseases should be based on their different incidence of law, respectively, from the age of 40 to 50 years to carry out the focus of census, in order to make early detection, early prevention and treatment.