黄曲霉毒素是由某些黄曲霉和寄生曲霉产生的二氢呋喃香豆素衍生物。它有很强的毒性,至少对八种动物(包括非人类灵长类)是致肝癌物,有的还观察到可引起结肠癌、肾癌和肺癌,还能引起突变和畸胎。近年来世界各国对黄曲霉毒素B_1(以下简称AFB_1)等做了大量的研究工作,使人们对其各种危害作用(尤其是致癌作用)的分子机制有了较深入的认识,故综述于下。实验证明黄曲霉毒素需经微粒体酶系代谢激活形成亲电子终末产物,才能和细胞大分子共价结合。AFB_1等代谢激活有关的酶及AFQ_1羟化酶属细胞色素P-450,它们可被苯巴比妥 Aflatoxins are dihydrofuranocoumarin derivatives produced by certain Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus parasiticus. It is very toxic. At least eight species of animals (including non-human primates) are hepatocarcinomas. Some have also been observed to cause colon, kidney, and lung cancer. They also cause mutations and teratogenesis. In recent years, many countries in the world have done a lot of research work on aflatoxin B 1 (hereinafter referred to as AFB 1), which has made people have a deeper understanding of the molecular mechanisms of various harmful effects (especially carcinogenesis). . Experiments have shown that aflatoxins require the activation of microsomal enzymes to form an electrophilic end-product that can be covalently bound to cellular macromolecules. Metabolic activation related enzymes such as AFB_1 and AFQ-1 hydroxylase are cytochrome P-450, which can be phenobarbital