论文部分内容阅读
目的:分析川东北地区某医院临床分离鲍曼不动杆菌的分布特点和耐药变迁,为该菌所致感染性疾病的有效防治提供实验室依据。方法:分析2013年1月至2015年12月临床各科室送检标本中鲍曼不动杆菌的检出情况、分布特点和药敏试验。结果:近三年鲍曼不动杆菌分离率分别是2.2%(425)、2.0%(342)和1.5%(297)。1064株鲍曼不动杆菌主要分离自呼吸道痰标本(76.2%),其次为脓液(13.8%),其他标本检出率较低。鲍曼不动杆菌以ICU检出率最高(38.1%),其次为神经外科(20.9%),外科的检出率高于内科。2013年至2015年耐药率总体呈上升趋势,其中头孢哌酮/舒巴坦的耐药率上升显著,米诺环素有所下降;除氨曲南、头孢唑林、头孢替坦和头孢曲松天然耐药外,其它头孢类、氨基糖苷类和喹诺酮类(除左氧氟沙星外)抗菌药物的耐药率大多在70%以上。结论:川东北地区鲍曼不动杆菌分离率有下降趋势,但仍是临床常见致病菌,科室分布广泛,耐药率高,临床治疗应根据药敏结果选择合适的抗菌药物。
OBJECTIVE: To analyze the distribution and drug resistance of Acinetobacter baumannii in a hospital in northeastern Sichuan and to provide a laboratory basis for effective prevention and control of infectious diseases caused by this bacterium. Methods: The detection, distribution and drug susceptibility tests of Acinetobacter baumannii in clinical specimens from January 2013 to December 2015 were analyzed. Results: Acinetobacter baumannii isolates in the recent three years were 2.2% (425), 2.0% (342) and 1.5% (297), respectively. 1064 Acinetobacter baumannii were mainly isolated from respiratory sputum (76.2%), followed by pus (13.8%), the other specimens were detected at a lower rate. Acinetobacter baumannii ICU detection rate was the highest (38.1%), followed by neurosurgery (20.9%), surgical detection rate higher than the medical. The resistance rates of cefoperazone / sulbactam increased significantly from 2013 to 2015, and minocycline decreased slightly. The rates of resistance to aztreonam, cefazolin, cefotetan and cefotaxime Qu Song natural resistance, other cephalosporins, aminoglycosides and quinolones (except for levofloxacin) antibacterial drug resistance rate mostly in more than 70%. Conclusion: The isolation rate of Acinetobacter baumannii in northeastern Sichuan has a downward trend, but it is still a common clinical pathogen. It has a wide range of departments and a high rate of drug resistance. The suitable antibacterial drugs should be selected according to the susceptibility results in clinical treatment.