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一、导言海塘、运河与长城被并称为中国古代的三大公共工程。~①杨联陞从材料、劳力、资金来源和经济思想等方面考察古代的公共工程,希望激发更多人重建一个相当清楚的公共财政图像及一些与此相关的民众生活史的外貌和细节。~②从原材料角度看,这些大型公共工程的修筑是技术、原料问题的生态与社会要素影响工程进展及其被克服的过程,两
I. Introduction Sea ponds, canals and the Great Wall are said to be the three major public works in ancient China. (1) Yang Lian-sheng inspected the ancient public works in terms of materials, labor, sources of funds and economic ideas, and hoped to inspire more people to rebuild a rather clear public financial image and the appearance and details of some related public life history. From the raw material point of view, the construction of these large-scale public works is technology. The ecological and social elements of the raw material problems affect the progress of the project and the process to be overcome. Two