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关于志愿者和服务对象的关系建构,大部分研究是从宏观和思辨角度来思考志愿者的动机和角色,这实则割裂了志愿者、服务对象的认知系统与实际互动情境的整体性联系。为此,将志愿者和服务对象视为一个“共同体”的志愿服务项目成为本研究的对象,这使得在志愿服务的微观互动情境中考察二者的关系建构成为可能。笔者发现,在志愿服务项目持续进行的四年中,志愿服务双方的关系在逐步递进,它涵盖“理想自我的呈现”、“情感共同体的构建”、“服务双方主体意识的觉醒”和“主体双方互为中心的实现”四个阶段。如果四个阶段的区分得以成立,那么它将成为检视此类志愿服务双方关系所处阶段的参照,有利于志愿服务的继续推进。
With respect to the construction of the relationship between volunteers and clients, most of the studies reflect the motivation and role of volunteers from a macroscopic and speculative point of view, which in fact breaks the overall connection between volunteer and client’s cognitive systems and actual interactive situations. For this reason, volunteering and serving as a “community” volunteer service project becomes the object of this study, which makes it possible to examine the relationship between the two in the micro-interactive situation of volunteer service. The author finds that in the four years of voluntary service projects, the relationship between volunteer service is progressively progressing. It covers such topics as “the presentation of ideal self”, “the construction of emotional community”, “the main body of both service parties Awakening ”and “ the realization of the mutual realization of the main body of both ”four stages. If the four stages of differentiation are established, it will serve as a reference for examining the stage of the relationship between the two volunteer services and will facilitate the continuation of volunteerism.