水是生命的源泉,是人类和一切生物和发展不可缺少的物质,是工农业生产、经济发展和环境改善不可替代的极为宝贵的自然资源。当今世界面临的人口、粮食、能源和环境四大问题,都与水密切相关。上海欲成为一个国际性大都市,同样面临着水资源短缺的问题,已被列为全国300个缺水城市之一(水质型缺水),供水问题将成为制约经济可持续发展的主要因素之一。因此,面临世纪之交,上海如何合理开发利用和保护水资源,是值得深入研究的重要课题,而开发利用和保护水 Water is the source of life, an indispensable substance for all human beings and all creatures and development, and an extremely valuable natural resource irreplaceable for industrial and agricultural production, economic development and environmental improvement. The four major population, food, energy and environmental problems facing the world today are closely linked to water. To become an international metropolis, Shanghai is also facing the problem of water shortage. It has been listed as one of the 300 water-scarce cities in China (water quality and water scarcity) and water supply will become a major factor restricting the sustainable development of economy one. Therefore, facing the turn of the century, how to develop, utilize and protect water resources reasonably in Shanghai is an important topic that deserves further study and development and utilization of water