历史教学发展到今天，培养能力，发展思维已成为历史教学界的共识，而保障学生在课堂教学中的主体地位，则是实现培养历史学科能力，发展历史思维的前提。但是从目前历史课堂教学现状看，对教与学、主导与主体关系的认识，尚停留在理论层面上。在实际的教学活动中，教师往往仍 From the development of history teaching to today, cultivating ability and developing thinking have become the consensus of the historical teaching profession. To protect students’ subject position in classroom teaching is to realize the ability to cultivate historical disciplines and develop historical thinking. However, judging from the current status of the history classroom teaching, the understanding of the relationship between teaching and learning, leading and the subject still remains at the theoretical level. In actual teaching activities, teachers often still