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装载和挖掘作业在农业生产中占有重要地位。如梯田修筑的土方移动、水浇地的平整、排灌渠系的开挖和清淤以及肥料、种子、饲料的装卸等,都需要进行装载和挖掘作业。随着农田基本建设的迅速发展,装载,挖掘作业的机械化日益迫切。在我国,农用拖拉机装载、挖掘装置的研究设计,是随着农田基本建设及其机具的发展而开始的一项新课题。不少农机站、农机厂、农机所等单位,为解决装载、挖掘机械化,先后试制了拖拉机的装载、挖掘装置。这些机具在生产中已发挥了一定的作用。为了更好地开展装载和挖掘装置的研究和试制工作,现介绍几种装载、挖掘机。
Loading and digging operations play an important role in agricultural production. For example, earthwork moving in terraced fields, formation of irrigated fields, excavation and dredging of drainage and irrigation canal systems, loading and unloading of fertilizers, seeds and feedstuffs require loading and excavation operations. With the rapid development of farmland infrastructures, the mechanization of loading and excavation operations is increasingly urgent. In China, the research and design of agricultural tractor loading and digging devices is a new topic started with the development of farmland capital construction and its equipment. Many agricultural stations, farm machinery, farm machinery and other units, in order to solve the loading, mining mechanization, has trial-produced tractor loading and digging devices. These machines have played a role in production. In order to better carry out research and trial production of loading and excavating devices, several loading and excavating machines are now introduced.