明太祖朱元璋亲自编纂的四编《大诰》,是研究明初法律实施状况和这位开国皇帝政治法律主张的珍贵文献。《大诰》中反映的朱元璋的法律思想,内容相当丰富,但贯穿全文始终、最引人注目的是他的明刑弼教思想。《明实录》等官修史书为尊者讳,对他的这一重要法律主张极少涉及。这样,《大诰》便成为集中记述朱元璋的明刑弼教思想的稀见史料。 “明刑弼教”是朱元璋颁行《大诰》的基本动机,也是他大搞律外用刑和重典治吏的理 The fourth edition of the “Da Bian” edited by Ming Taizu and Zhu Yuanzhang himself is a precious document for studying the status of law enforcement in the early Ming Dynasty and the political and legal claims of the founding emperor. The emperor Zhu Yuanzhang’s law thoughts reflected in Dazhu are rather rich in content. However, the most striking feature throughout his article is his understanding of his teaching. “Ming Record” and other official history book revered taboo, on his very important legal claims rarely involved. In this way, the “big banyan” became a rare source of historical information that concentratedly described the emperor’s teachings of the emperor’s death sentence. “Teaching Penalty” is the basic motive of Zhu Yuanzhang’s promulgation of the “Supreme Court” and also the principle that he should vigorously use law to punish officials and severely punish officials for extra-judicial purposes