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本研究运用基础心理实验仪器和国际标准的韦克斯勒成人智力、记忆量表(中国修订版),对海军某潜艇艇员和岸勤人员进行了部分认知功能和作业能力的逐个测量。通过对照研究,探讨了潜艇环境对艇员注意力、领悟力、记忆力和作业能力的影响特点。发现:(1)潜艇艇员选择反应时测验,对3种声音反应错误次数多,尤其是低音错误多,说明潜艇艇员的低音听觉和判断力受到了明显的影响,军龄大于5年的多期士官影响显著。(2)潜艇艇员注意集中能力测验,脱靶次数多,且只是军龄小于2年的士兵表现显著,注意分配能力测验中对光反应错误次数多,但随着军龄的增加影响不明显。(3)潜艇艇员领悟理解能力差,上艇5年以上是艇员领悟力开始受损的重要时期。(4)潜艇艇员双手协调和手指灵活用时较短,但出轨和掉针次数略多,艇员双手作业速度在潜艇的岗位训练中得到了增强,但因潜艇环境的不利影响其准确性有待提高。
In this study, we used basic psycho-experimental instruments and the international Wechsler adult intelligence and memory scale (China Revised Edition) to measure one part of each cognitive function and working ability of a submarine and shore-based navy. Through the comparative study, the submarine environment on the crew attention, perception, memory and homework ability. The results showed that: (1) The submariner chose reaction time test, which responded to the three kinds of sounds more frequently, especially the bass error. It showed that the submariner’s bass sense and judgment were obviously affected. The army age more than 5 years Sergeant officer significant impact. (2) The submarine crew noticed the concentration ability test, the number of off-target times was high, and only the soldiers who had less than 2 years of military service performed notable performance. They noted that there were many errors in light distribution during the tests of assigning ability, but their impact was not obvious with the increase of military age. (3) Submariner understanding comprehension is poor, more than 5 years on board is an important period began to damage the crew members perception. (4) The coordination of submarine crew members and the flexible use of fingers are shorter, but the number of derailment and pin-out is slightly more. The speed of crewman’s two-handed operation is enhanced in the training of submarine positions, but the accuracy of the submarine environment is still to be determined due to its adverse effects improve.