20世纪中叶,被害人学作为刑事法领域的一门新兴学科开始兴起和发展,被害人的权利保护问题随之受到关注,并逐渐成为刑事诉讼理论和实践中的一个热点问题。自20世纪60年代以来,美国、英国、德国、日本、法国等许多国家都颁布了保护被害人的专门立法,或者对原有的刑事诉讼立法进行了重要修改,而且这一法律变革的过程方兴未艾。从立法变革的内容来看,被 In the mid-20th century, as a new discipline in the field of criminal law, victimology began to rise and develop. Victims’ rights protection was followed by concern. It gradually became a hot issue in the theory and practice of criminal procedure. Since the 1960s, many countries such as the United States, Britain, Germany, Japan and France have promulgated special legislation on the protection of victims or have made important revisions to the existing criminal procedure legislation. The process of this legal change is in the ascendant. From the perspective of legislative changes, is