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为建立菜心(Brassica campestris ssp.chinensis var.utilis)的快繁技术体系,以花药和子叶-子叶柄为外植体进行组织培养研究。结果表明,花药培养以选取未开放的花蕾为宜,且花柱略高于花瓣,此时小孢子多数处于单核靠边期。菜心花粉的萌发率不高,且秋冬季的花粉比夏季的萌发率高。菜心花药愈伤组织诱导培养基为:MS+1.0 mg/L KT+1.0 mg/L 2,4-D+3%糖+6 g/L琼脂+8%椰乳,不定芽诱导培养基为:MS+2.0mg/L 6-BA+0.5 mg/L NAA+1.0 g/L活性炭+2%糖+6 g/L琼脂或MS+2.0 mg/L ZT+0.5 mg/L IAA+0.5 g/L Ag NO3+1.0g/L活性炭+2%糖+6 g/L琼脂。花药培养的不定芽诱导率为36.7%,不定芽培养出现褐化现象,不能形成再生植株;而以子叶-子叶柄为外植体培养获得的植株再生率可达80%。
In order to establish a fast propagation system of Brassica campestris ssp.chinensis var.utilis, the anther and cotyledon-petiole were used as explants for tissue culture. The results showed that it is advisable to select the flower buds that are not open for anther culture, and the style is slightly higher than the flower petals. At this time, the majority of microspores are in the mononuclear margin. Apricot pollen germination rate is not high, and autumn and winter pollen germination rate higher than in summer. The inducing medium for callus of Apocynaceae was MS + 1.0 mg / L KT + 1.0 mg / L 2,4-D + 3% sugar + 6 g / L agar + 8% : MS + 2.0 mg / L 6-BA + 0.5 mg / L NAA + 1.0 g / L Activated charcoal + 2% sugar + 6 g / L agar or MS + 2.0 mg / L ZT + 0.5 mg / L IAA + 0.5 g / L Ag NO3 + 1.0 g / L activated carbon + 2% sugar + 6 g / L agar. The induction rate of adventitious buds cultured in anther was 36.7%. Adventitious buds were browning and could not form regenerated plants. The regeneration rate of explants obtained from explants of cotyledons-cotyledons was up to 80%.