政府预算体制各国基础设施和服务性部门的国有企业大都采取这种体制,如邮政、通讯、供水、供气、广播、电视等市政企业。这类企业大都按“公法”组建和经营,在财务上实行预算体制,即政府统收统支,盈亏由国家财政包干负责,政府对企业各方面进行严格控制和管理。在人事制度方面,基本上采用政府聘任制和委派制,企业的董事会成员及经理由政府主管部门任免,属于国家公务员序列,其工资待遇由政府严格规定。企业领导人的收入与企业经营成果无直接联系。 The government budget system Most of the state-owned enterprises in the infrastructure and service sectors of the country adopt such a system, such as postal services, communications, water supply, gas supply, radio, television, and other municipal enterprises. Most of these enterprises are organized and operated in accordance with the “public law,” and they implement a budgetary system financially. That is, the government receives revenues and expenditures. The profit and loss are borne by the state’s financial contractors. The government strictly controls and manages all aspects of the company. In terms of the personnel system, the government’s appointment system and appointment system are basically adopted. The members and managers of the company’s board of directors are appointed or removed by the competent department of the government. They belong to the national civil service sequence and their wages are strictly regulated by the government. There is no direct connection between the income of business leaders and the results of business operations.