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目的建立气相色谱法检测小麦胚芽油、大豆油和大蒜油中植物甾醇的组成和含量。方法采用乙醇氢氧化钾-甲基叔丁基醚溶液水浴上皂化,异辛烷萃取,毛细管气相色谱法分离植物甾醇的分析方法。结果植物甾醇各组分在相应的浓度范围内呈现良好的线性关系,方法相关系数为0.9997~0.9999,平均回收率在96.8%~101.3%,相对标准偏差在0.4~1.0%之间。结论小麦胚芽油、大豆油和大蒜油中植物甾醇主要由菜油甾醇、豆甾醇、β-谷甾醇组成,其中β-谷甾醇含量最高,且小麦胚芽油中植物甾醇的总量最高。
Objective To establish a method for the determination of phytosterol composition and content in wheat germ oil, soybean oil and garlic oil by gas chromatography. Methods The analytical method for the separation of phytosterols by ethanol-ethanol-potassium hydroxide-methyl tert-butyl ether solution in water bath on saponification, isooctane extraction and capillary gas chromatography was studied. Results The phytosterol components showed a good linear relationship in the corresponding concentration range. The correlation coefficient was 0.9997 ~ 0.9999 with the average recovery of 96.8% ~ 101.3% and the relative standard deviation of 0.4 ~ 1.0%. Conclusions Phytosterols in wheat germ oil, soybean oil and garlic oil are mainly composed of campesterol, stigmasterol and β-sitosterol, of which β-sitosterol content is the highest and total amount of plant sterols in wheat germ oil is the highest.