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目的了解新疆沙湾县法定传染病的流行特征及变化趋势,为做好疫情监测和制定传染病防控措施提供科学依据。方法采用描述流行病学方法,分析2011─2015年沙湾县法定传染病疫情资料,统计发病位次、发病构成及主要传染病的发病情况。结果 2011─2015年沙湾县无甲类传染病报告,共报告乙、丙类传染病19种12 738例,死亡32例,年均发病率715.68/10万;发病率居前5位的病种依次为其他感染性腹泻(146.47/10万)、布鲁氏菌病(100.85/10万)、肺结核病(96.30/10万)、乙型肝炎(90.63/10万)和手足口病(60.17/10万);发病构成以血源及性传播疾病所占比例最高40.52%,其次为呼吸道传染病(23.18%)、自然疫源性及虫媒传染病(22.38%)和肠道传染病(13.92%)。结论新疆沙湾县法定传染病防控形式依然严峻,预防和控制血源及性传播疾病、呼吸道传染病和自然疫源性及虫媒传染病是今后传染病防治工作的重点,同时还应加强肠道传染病的监测。
Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics and trend of notifiable infectious diseases in Shawan County, Xinjiang and to provide a scientific basis for the prevention and control of epidemic situation. Methods Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the epidemiological data of notifiable infectious diseases in Shawan County from 2011 to 2015, and the incidence of infectious diseases was calculated. Results A total of 12 738 cases of type B and C infectious diseases were reported in Shawan County for Type A communicable diseases from 2011 to 2015, with 32 deaths and an average annual incidence of 715.68 / 100 000. The top 5 diseases Followed by other infectious diarrhea (146.47 / 100,000), brucellosis (100.85 / 100,000), tuberculosis (96.30 / 100,000), hepatitis B (90.63 / 100,000) and hand, foot and mouth disease / 100,000). The incidence of infectious diseases accounted for 40.52% of the total, with respiratory infectious diseases (23.18%), natural foci and insect-borne infectious diseases (22.38%) and intestinal infectious diseases 13.92%). Conclusion The form of prevention and control of legal infectious diseases in Shawan County of Xinjiang remains severe. Prevention and control of blood and sexually transmitted diseases, respiratory and natural foci and vector-borne diseases are the focus of prevention and control of infectious diseases in the future, and should be strengthened Intestinal infectious disease monitoring.