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摘 要:华兹华斯《孤独的割麦女》是一首优美动听、脍炙人口的抒情名诗。本文试图从文学角度和艺术角度来分析该诗的魅力,指出它为读者描绘了一幅充满诗意而又略带伤感的画面,而娴熟运用的韵律和格律又为诗歌增添了不少艺术魅力。
关键词:文学魅力;艺术魅力;韵律;格律
威廉-华兹华斯(1770—1850)是英国浪漫主义诗人,与柯勒律治和骚塞并称为“湖畔派诗人”,后被举为桂冠诗人。1803年,华兹华斯游覽苏格兰,写下了这篇《孤独的割麦女》。全诗共有四段,摘录如下:Behold her, single in the field,\ Yon solitary Highland Lass! \ Reaping and singing by herself; \ Stop here, or gently pass! \ Alone she cuts and binds the grain, \ And sings a melancholy strain; \ O listen! For the vale profound \ Is overflowing with the sound. \\ No Nightingale did ever chaunt \ More welcome notes to weary bands \ Of travellers in some shady haunt, \ Among Arabian sands; \ A voice so thrilling ne’er was heard \ In spring-time from the Cuckoo-bird, \ Breaking the silence of the seas \ Among the farthest Hebrides. \\ Will no one tell me what she sings? \ Perhaps the plaintive numbers flow \ For old, unhappy, far-off things, \ And battles long ago; \ Or is it some more humble lay, \ Familiar matter of today? \ Some natural sorrow, loss or pain, \ That has been, and may be again? \\ Whate’er the theme, the Maiden sang \ As if her song could have no ending; \ I saw her singing at her work, \ And o’er the sickle bending; \ I listened, motionless and still; \ And , as I mounted up the hill, \ The music in my heart I bore, \ Long after it was heard no more.
首先,让我们来探究一下此诗的文学魅力。诗歌不算很长,一共有四节,三十二行,为读者描绘了一幅充满田园风味的立体画面:在一片人烟稀少的幽深山谷里,有一位孤独的农家少女在地里干活。她一边收割着庄稼,一边哼着幽怨的歌谣,歌声在幽谷里久久回荡,以至于从旁经过的诗人都不忍心打扰她,只是静静地听着。她的歌声比夜莺更优美,使得困乏的旅客忘掉了身上的疲惫,她的歌声比杜鹃更婉转,在幽谷上空飘荡回旋。那么她唱些什么呢?诗人作了种种猜测:古老遥远的悲欢离合?往昔年代的征战杀伐?还是寻常时候的痛苦失意?诗人无从得知,不过这并不重要,重要的是此情此景。最后诗人登上山坡时,虽然耳边已听不见歌声,但那歌声却久久地回荡在诗人心里。这真是一幅美不胜收、让人难忘的画面。
其次,让我们来探究一下诗歌的艺术魅力。此诗是一首古体诗,既有韵律,又有格律。韵律情况如下:每节有八行,第一行与第三行押韵,第二行与第四行押韵,第五行与第六行押韵,第七行与第八行押韵。如果用符号,可以简明地表示为ababccdd(偶有例外,可以忽略不计)。例如:第三节,第一行末尾的sings与第三行末尾的things押韵,第二行末尾的flow与第四行末尾的ago押韵,第五行末尾的lay与第六行末尾的today押韵,第七行末尾的pain与第八行末尾的again押韵。格律情况如下:每节八行,多数诗行为抑扬格,每节的第一、二、三、五、六、七、八行有八个音节,第四行为六个音节(偶有例外,可以忽略不计)。例如:第一节的第五行,Alone she cuts and binds the grain,这一句就是典型的、标准的抑扬格节奏,即:第一、三、五、七音节为弱读音节,第二、四、六、八音节为重读音节。韵律使诗歌读起来朗朗上口,优美动听,而格律又为诗歌增添了节奏,因此,二者一起,使诗歌具有了音乐性,能够像歌谣那样吟唱,从而使诗歌具有了不少艺术魅力。
参考文献:
[1]周丽敏;;浅析华兹华斯《孤独的割麦女》[J];琼州学院学报;2010年01期
[2]高秀雪,潘冬磊;《孤独的割麦女》文体分析[J];莱阳农学院学报(社会科学版);2002年01期
关键词:文学魅力;艺术魅力;韵律;格律
威廉-华兹华斯(1770—1850)是英国浪漫主义诗人,与柯勒律治和骚塞并称为“湖畔派诗人”,后被举为桂冠诗人。1803年,华兹华斯游覽苏格兰,写下了这篇《孤独的割麦女》。全诗共有四段,摘录如下:Behold her, single in the field,\ Yon solitary Highland Lass! \ Reaping and singing by herself; \ Stop here, or gently pass! \ Alone she cuts and binds the grain, \ And sings a melancholy strain; \ O listen! For the vale profound \ Is overflowing with the sound. \\ No Nightingale did ever chaunt \ More welcome notes to weary bands \ Of travellers in some shady haunt, \ Among Arabian sands; \ A voice so thrilling ne’er was heard \ In spring-time from the Cuckoo-bird, \ Breaking the silence of the seas \ Among the farthest Hebrides. \\ Will no one tell me what she sings? \ Perhaps the plaintive numbers flow \ For old, unhappy, far-off things, \ And battles long ago; \ Or is it some more humble lay, \ Familiar matter of today? \ Some natural sorrow, loss or pain, \ That has been, and may be again? \\ Whate’er the theme, the Maiden sang \ As if her song could have no ending; \ I saw her singing at her work, \ And o’er the sickle bending; \ I listened, motionless and still; \ And , as I mounted up the hill, \ The music in my heart I bore, \ Long after it was heard no more.
首先,让我们来探究一下此诗的文学魅力。诗歌不算很长,一共有四节,三十二行,为读者描绘了一幅充满田园风味的立体画面:在一片人烟稀少的幽深山谷里,有一位孤独的农家少女在地里干活。她一边收割着庄稼,一边哼着幽怨的歌谣,歌声在幽谷里久久回荡,以至于从旁经过的诗人都不忍心打扰她,只是静静地听着。她的歌声比夜莺更优美,使得困乏的旅客忘掉了身上的疲惫,她的歌声比杜鹃更婉转,在幽谷上空飘荡回旋。那么她唱些什么呢?诗人作了种种猜测:古老遥远的悲欢离合?往昔年代的征战杀伐?还是寻常时候的痛苦失意?诗人无从得知,不过这并不重要,重要的是此情此景。最后诗人登上山坡时,虽然耳边已听不见歌声,但那歌声却久久地回荡在诗人心里。这真是一幅美不胜收、让人难忘的画面。
其次,让我们来探究一下诗歌的艺术魅力。此诗是一首古体诗,既有韵律,又有格律。韵律情况如下:每节有八行,第一行与第三行押韵,第二行与第四行押韵,第五行与第六行押韵,第七行与第八行押韵。如果用符号,可以简明地表示为ababccdd(偶有例外,可以忽略不计)。例如:第三节,第一行末尾的sings与第三行末尾的things押韵,第二行末尾的flow与第四行末尾的ago押韵,第五行末尾的lay与第六行末尾的today押韵,第七行末尾的pain与第八行末尾的again押韵。格律情况如下:每节八行,多数诗行为抑扬格,每节的第一、二、三、五、六、七、八行有八个音节,第四行为六个音节(偶有例外,可以忽略不计)。例如:第一节的第五行,Alone she cuts and binds the grain,这一句就是典型的、标准的抑扬格节奏,即:第一、三、五、七音节为弱读音节,第二、四、六、八音节为重读音节。韵律使诗歌读起来朗朗上口,优美动听,而格律又为诗歌增添了节奏,因此,二者一起,使诗歌具有了音乐性,能够像歌谣那样吟唱,从而使诗歌具有了不少艺术魅力。
参考文献:
[1]周丽敏;;浅析华兹华斯《孤独的割麦女》[J];琼州学院学报;2010年01期
[2]高秀雪,潘冬磊;《孤独的割麦女》文体分析[J];莱阳农学院学报(社会科学版);2002年01期