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目的对贵州省2012-2014年腹泻病例中气单胞菌分离株进行种型鉴定及其药物敏感性检测。方法运用传统生化方法和多重PCR方法,对从腹泻病例粪便标本中分离的可疑气单胞菌进行种型鉴定,并采用K-B法对气单胞菌株进行10种抗生素药物敏感性检测。结果贵州省18株气单胞菌分离株经传统生化方法鉴定为气单胞菌,进一步采用多重PCR方法进行种型鉴定,15株菌鉴定为豚鼠气单胞菌,占83.33%;2株维氏气单胞菌,占11.11%;1株嗜水气单胞菌,占5.56%。药敏试验显示气单胞菌株对庆大霉素的敏感性最高,为94.44%;对环丙沙星、头孢噻肟及氯霉素敏感率均为83.33%;对头孢噻吩的敏感率仅为27.78%;多重耐药占27.78%。结论贵州省腹泻病例气单胞菌感染以豚鼠气单胞菌为主,对庆大霉素的敏感性较高,对氨苄西林和头孢噻吩耐药严重,存在多重耐药。
Objective To identify the genotypes of Aeromonas isolates from diarrhea cases in Guizhou Province from 2012 to 2014 and determine their drug sensitivity. Methods The traditional biochemical methods and multiplex PCR methods were used to identify Susceptible Aeromonas spp. From stool specimens of diarrhea. K-B method was used to detect 10 antibiotic susceptibilities of Aeromonas strains. Results The 18 strains of Aeromonas isolates in Guizhou Province were identified as Aeromonas by traditional biochemical methods. Multiplex PCR was used to identify the species. Fifteen strains were identified as Aeromonas caviae, accounting for 83.33%. Two strains Aeromonas sobria, accounting for 11.11%; 1 strain Aeromonas hydrophila, accounting for 5.56%. Susceptibility tests showed that the sensitivity of Aeromonas strains to gentamicin was the highest (94.44%), the sensitivity rates to ciprofloxacin, cefotaxime and chloramphenicol were both 83.33%, the sensitivity to cefalotin was only 27.78%; multi-drug resistance accounted for 27.78%. Conclusion Aeromonas infection in cases of diarrhea in Guizhou Province is dominated by Aeromonas caviae and is more sensitive to gentamicin. It is more resistant to ampicillin and cefalotin and has multiple drug resistance.