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高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)水平与冠心病风险呈负相关,低HDL-C水平增加心血管疾病风险,是心血管疾病的独立危险因素.然而升高HDL-C水平的药物治疗并没有明显的临床获益,没有起到降低心血管疾病风险的预期效果,因此高密度脂蛋白(HDL)功能比HDL-C水平更好地预测心血管事件的发生.HDL是蛋白质含量最高的脂蛋白,由于蛋白质组学技术的进步,越来越多的HDL蛋白质成分被发现,除了传统的载脂蛋白、酶类,还包括脂质转移蛋白、急性期反应蛋白、补体成分、蛋白酶抑制剂,HDL的功能也从脂质转运扩展到感染免疫、急性期反应、补体激活、离子结合等,不仅参与动脉粥样硬化的发生发展,在终末期肾病、糖尿病等高心血管风险疾病中也发挥重要作用.本文就HDL蛋白质成分、功能及在冠心病和高心血管风险疾病中的作用做一综述.
High-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels are inversely associated with the risk of coronary heart disease, and low HDL-C levels increase the risk of cardiovascular disease and are independent risk factors for cardiovascular disease. However, HDL-C There is no obvious clinical benefit that does not have the expected effect of reducing the risk of cardiovascular disease and therefore high density lipoprotein (HDL) function predicts cardiovascular events better than HDL-C levels. HDL is the most lipid-rich lipid Protein, due to advances in proteomics, more and more HDL protein components are found, in addition to the traditional apolipoproteins, enzymes, including lipid transfer protein, acute phase reaction protein, complement components, protease inhibitors, The function of HDL also extends from lipid transport to infection immunity, acute phase reaction, complement activation, ion binding and the like, and is not only involved in the development of atherosclerosis, but also plays an important role in cardiovascular diseases such as end stage renal disease and diabetes This review summarizes the composition and function of HDL proteins and their role in coronary heart disease and cardiovascular disease.