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目的:探查青海优质麻花艽形成的环境与气候因素。方法:选择青海集中分布的18个产区的麻花艽药材,以干品重量、龙胆苦苷含量、宏观质量为标准,检测出18个产区的地面、土壤、气候等因素,分析、归纳形成优质麻花艽的因素。结果:麻花艽适应于高山草甸土、高山灌丛草甸土、山地草甸土,其土壤pH值近中性微有偏碱,有机质含量高,氮、磷、钾含量丰富,土壤潜在营养好;麻花艽适宜的地面环境是河滩、林缘、矮灌丛及优质草原等地面潮湿,年均气温偏高,年降水量偏多,年蒸发量偏低,年均相对湿度偏高,阳光年总辐射量偏高,年日照时数偏多,但又不干旱的地区。结论:麻花艽主要生长于优质的草甸土中,生长区地面以潮湿、半遮阳、偏温为宜,在适宜区域内不受海拔高低度的影响。
Objective: To explore the environmental and climatic factors of the formation of high-quality Gentiana macrophylla in Qinghai. Methods: The 18 medicinal materials of Gentiana macrophylla collected in Qinghai were selected. Based on the dry weight, gentiopicroside content and macroscopic quality, the ground, soil and climate of 18 producing areas were detected and analyzed. The formation of high-quality Mahoe 艽 factors. Results: Adapted to the alpine meadow soil, alpine meadow soil and alpine meadow soil, the content of soil organic matter was high, the content of organic matter was high, the content of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium was rich, the soil potential nutrition Good; twist 艽 appropriate ground conditions are floodplain, forest edge, dwarf shrubs and grasslands on the ground such as moist, high average annual temperature, annual precipitation is too much, the annual evaporation is low, the annual average relative humidity is high, the sun The total annual high radiation, sunshine hours in many, but not dry areas. Conclusion: The main growth of the genus Malus mainly in high quality meadow soil, the growth of the ground to humid, semi-shade, partial temperature is appropriate, in the appropriate area from the impact of altitude.